Chuyên đề ôn thi tiếng Anh vào 10

Nội dung text: Chuyên đề ôn thi tiếng Anh vào 10

1. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION VIẾT LẠI CÂU I. Introduction: Trong tiếng Anh, cũng như nhiều ngôn ngưc khác, ta có thể dùng nhiều cấu trúc lời nói khác nhau để diễn đạt cùng một ý, hay một lời nói. Nói cách khác một câu nói không đơn thuần chỉ có ý nghĩa duy nhất theo một cấu trúc ngữ pháp, mà câu nói ấy có thể được truyền tải theo một hình thức cấu trúc ngữ pháp khác nào đó mà vẫn giữ nguyên được nghĩa gốc của nó. Hình thức viết lại câu (sentence transformation) chính là hình thức viết lại một câu cho trước bằng một cấu trúc mới nhưng không làm thay đổi ý nghĩa ban đầu của câu ấy. Ví dụ như: Câu gốc: He has lived here since 1990. (the present perfect tense) Câu viết lại: He moved here in 1990. (the simple past tense) Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng thì của động từ, động từ thay thế và trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian. Câu gốc: We can find him nowhere. (affirmative sentence) Câu viết lại: Nowhere can we find him. (inversion sentence) Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng hình thức đảo ngữ (inversion) để nhấn mạnh. Câu gốc: She is the most intelligent student in my class. (superlative degree) Câu viết lại: No one in my class is as intelligent as she is. (negative positive degree) → Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng các hình thức so sánh với một tính từ. Câu gốc: “Don’t touch the wire, boys!” said Mr. Hung. (direct speech) Câu viết lại: Mr. Hung told the boys not to touch the wire. (indirect speech) Trang 339
2. Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng cách chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp. II. Some transformative forms: Vài hình thức biến đổi câu trong tiếng Anh được miêu tả như sau: 1. Tense sentence transformation: Chuyển đổi câu qua chuyển đổi thì của động từ: e.g. a. We started working here three years ago. We have worked here for three years. b. This is the first time I have been on a plane. I have never been on a plane before. c. That’s strange! My pen isn’t here! That’s strange! My pen has disappeared! d. Nicky and Jan aren’t at this school any more. Nicky and Jan have left this school. Transformations using comparisons: Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng các hình thức so sánh. e.g. a. She is taller than I am. I am not as tall as she is. b. He worked harder than his friends. His friends did not work as hard as he did. c. This is the best film I have ever seen. I have never seen a better film than this one. d. She is the most kind-hearted woman among the ones you met. → No one among those you met is as kind-hearted as her. Chú ý: Để làm tôt bài tập chuyển đổi câu liên quan đến kiến thức so sánh, hãy xem phần bài viết Chuyên đề II, Bài 3, tài liệu này. Transformations using inversions: Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng các hình thức đảo ngữ. e.g. a. She can hardly understand what the teacher is saying. Hardly can she understand what the teacher is saying. b. Although he worked hard, he couldn’t feed the family. Hard as he worked, he couldn’t feed the family. c. They could not find the man anywhere. Nowhere could they find the man. d. She rarely eats out. Rarely does she eat out. Chú ý: Phần viết lại câu này đã được sử dụng trong các bài tập từ Exercise 41 đến Exercise 42 trang 91 đến 93. (Chuyên đề II, Bài 4, tài liệu này) Trang 340
3. 4. Transformations using the passive voice: Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng câu bị động. e.g. a. She can make a decision soon. A decision can be made soon by her. b. Their car was stolen long ago. Someone stole their car long ago. c. They will build a new school here. → A new school will be built here. d. She had her friends translated the message. She had the message translated by her friends. Chú ý: Phần viết lại câu này đã được sử dụng trong các bài tập từ Exercise 103 đến Exercise 106 trang 206 đến 210. (Chuyên đề III, Bài 5, tài liệu này) Transformations using the indirect speech: Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng câu gián tiếp. e.g. a. “Go out, boys!” said the mother. → The mother told her sons to go out. b. “Would you like a cigar, Peter?” said Mike. → Mike invited Peter a cigar. c. “Do you live here?” said the stranger. → The stranger asked if I lived there. d. The man said, “what do you do for a living, Nam?” → The man wanted to know what Nam did for a living. Chú ý: Phần viết lại câu này đã được sử dụng trong các bài tập từ Exercise 111 đến Exercise 112 trang 220 đến 223. (Chuyên đề III, Bài 6, tài liệu này) 6. Transformations using conditional sentences: Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng câu điều kiện. e.g. a. If you don’t study hard, you will fail the final exam. Unless you study hard, you will fail the final exam. b. The test was too difficult for him to do well. He could do well if the test were not difficult. c. He isn’t here to help me. If he were here, he could help me. d. I did not know the answer to tell him. → I would have told him if I had known the answer. Chú ý: Phần viết lại câu này đã được sử dụng trong các bài tập từ Exercise 134 đến Exercise 136 trang 264 đến 267. (Chuyên đề IV, Bài 2, tài liệu này) Transformations using other structures: Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng các mẫu câu khác. Trang 341
4. e.g. a. Mr. Ba is living next door. He teaches me English. (relative clause) → Mr. Ba, who teaches me English, is living next door. b. Although it rained heavily, we arrived on time. (clause of concession) → Despite the heavy rain, we arrived on time. c. He came early so that he could get a good seat. (clause of purpose) → He came early to get a good seat. d. The test was too difficult for them to do well. → The test was not easy enough for them to do well. (cause & effect) Em có cả bộ chuyên đề ôn thi vào 10, anh chị quan tâm ib zalo 0984822275 ạ Chú ý: Phần viết lại câu này đã được sử dụng trong các bài tập từ Exercise 139, 151, 161, 163, 164 từ trang 273 đến 313. (Chuyên đề IV, Bài 3-9, tài liệu này) BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH Exercise 178: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it. 1. We couldn’t have managed without my father’s money. If it ___. 2. He hasn´t eaten this kind of food since 1991. He last ___. 3. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back. Hardly ___. 4. Nick joined a golf club a year ago. Nick has been ___. 5. While I strongly disapprove of your behavior, I will help you this time. Despite my ___. 6. This will be my first visit to Brazil. I've never ___. 7.I’m sorry I missed your lecture. I’m sorry not ___. 8.I joined a yoga club six months ago. I have been ___. 9.We may not be able to give the concert. The concert ___. 10.This will be her first time in Spain. She has not ___. 11.I was not surprised to hear that he had failed his driving test. It came ___.
5. 12.When did he start work? How long is ___? Trang 342
6. 13.I only recognized him when he came into the light. Not until ___. 14.Our meeting is tomorrow. We will ___. 15.That rumor about the politician and the construction contract is absolutely false. There is ___. 16.David went home before we arrived. When we ___. 17.One runner was too exhausted to complete the last lap of the race. One runner was so ___. 18.How long ago did you buy your car? How long ___? 19. My mother was the most warm-hearted person I’ve ever known. I’ve ___. 20.I've only recently started wearing glasses. I didn't ___. Exercise 179: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it. 1. He bought his computer one year ago. He has ___. 2. They never made us do anything we didn’t want to do. We were ___. 3. They started playing tennis three months ago. They have ___. 4. The only thing that prevented the passing of the bill was the death of the man. Had it not ___. 5. They had not been to South Korea before. It is the ___. 6. It is quite pointless to complain. There’s no___. 7. I haven't been to the beach for a long time. It's a ___. 8. The workers only called off the strike after a new pay offer. Only after ___. 9. He had not been to ballet classes before. It was the ___. 10. He was sentenced to six months in prison for his part in the robbery. He received a ___. 11. I have never watched such a boring film. Trang 343
7. It’s the most ___. 12. You can eat as much as you like for $5 at the new lunch-bar. There is no ___. 13. My parents haven’t reached London yet. My parents still haven’t ___. 14. She wore a hearing-aid, even though she could hear the phone ring perfectly well. She wasn’t so ___. 15. I haven't had a Chinese meal for ages. It's ages ___. 16. You will never meet anyone more generous than Mrs. Hoa. Mrs. Hoa is ___. 17. She’s been living in this village since 2009. She moved ___. 18. My parents let me go abroad alone for the first time last year. I was ___. 19. I last travelled to Mui Ne in January. I haven’t ___. 20. It was his incompetence which led to their capture. If he ___. Exercise 180: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it. 1. I’m certainly not going to give you any more money. I have no ___. 2. Charles has never had a tablet before. This is the ___. 3. Our hotel booking hasn’t been confirmed. We haven’t received ___. 4. They moved to this village five months ago. They has been ___. 5. The sales man told me that my new car would be delivered next Wednesday. According ___. 6. It’s a long time since we went out. We haven’t ___. 7. The Yeti has very rarely been seen at this altitude. There have ___. 8. She started cooking as soon as her husband (had) left home. She started ___. 9. It’s not certain that Jones will get the job. Trang 344
8. It is open ___. 10. I met my husband in 2001. I have ___. 11. Everyone started complaining the moment the announcement was made. No sooner ___. 12. When you phoned me, it was my lunchtime. When you phoned me, I ___. 13. As I get older, I want to travel less. The older ___. 14. We started working here three years ago. We have ___. 15. A house in that district will cost you at least a million dollars. You won’t be able ___. 16. My mother has been studying English for 15 days. My mother started ___. 17. Alan worked too hard at the office, and this led to his illness. Alan’s illness ___. 18. Hurry up! We'll get to the theatre after the beginning of the play. By the time we get ___. 19. Keeping calm is the secret of passing your driving test. As long as ___. 20. This is the first time I have been on a plane. I have ___. Exercise 181: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it. She has never had a smartphone before. This is ___. Immediately after his appointment to the post, the new editor fell ill. No sooner ___. We haven't been to the theatre for a long time. It's a long ___. The protest has been so vociferous that the committee has had to reconsider. There has been ___. I haven’t been to the football match for three years. The last time ___. You think that fat people are always jolly but you are wrong. Contrary ___. He has never eaten this kind of food before. It’s the first time ___. Trang 345
9. My boss works better when he’s pressed for time. The less ___. They got married ten years ago. They have ___. The patient recovered more rapidly than expected. The patient made ___. There's a party at Mary's house next week. Next week ___. There isn’t a pair of thermal socks left in the shop, Madam. We are completely ___. I started working for this company three years ago. I’ve been ___. Their chances of success are small. It is not ___. I became head of the university four years ago. I have ___. The rail workers do not intend to call off their strike. The rail workers have no ___. The arrival time of Helen's flight is 8.00. Helen's flight will ___. Mrs. Scott is proud of her cooking. Mrs. Scott prides ___. Oh no! My wallet is missing. Oh no! I have ___. It was the goalkeeper who saved the match for us. If it hadn’t ___. Exercise 182: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it. They are big, they fall fast. The___. I look into your eyes much, I love you much. The___. She is mature, she becomes beautiful. The___. He drinks much water, he becomes thirsty. The___. You speak English much, your English will be good. The___. Trang 346
10. People save much paper, much wood pulp is preserved. The___. You make much money, you spend much. The___. Means of transport are cheap, they become popular. The___. We leave early, we will arrive soon. The___. You are young, you learn easily. The___. She is older, she becomes more beautiful. The___. I waited long. I got angry. The___. The sun is high, the shadow is low. The___. I know a lot, I forget much. The___. I forget much , I know little. The___. Susan isn’t as good at chemistry as Sarah. Sarah is___. No one in the group is younger than he. He is the___. Stone isn’t as hard as iron. Iron is___. Tom is the best football player in the team. No one in the team is___. I don’t play the guitar as well as he does. He plays___. Exercise 183: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it. My house is bigger than your house. Your house is___. The black car is cheaper than the red car. The red car___. Trang 347
11. This film is more interesting than that one. That film is___. My kitchen is smaller than yours. Your kitchen___. My grandmother is older than everyone in my family. My grandmother is the___. No one in my class is as tall as Tam. Tam is the___. I can’t cook as well as my mother. My mother can cook___. He does not play tennis as well as Jack. Jack can___. I did not spend as much money as you. You spent___. I don’t think this book is as expensive as it is. This book is___. He is the tallest boy in his class. No one in___. This is the most interesting film of all. No other films are___. No cars in the world are more expensive than Japanese ones. Japanese cars___. This exercise is easier than that one. That exercise is not___. He drives more carefully than Jack does. Jack___. No one in the group plays better than he. He can___. No hotel in the city is as comfortable as this. This hotel is the___. Other oceans in the world aren’t as large as the Pacific one. The Pacific Ocean is___. They travel a lot. They know much about the world. The more___. He practices hard. He performs well. The harder___. Trang 348
12. Exercise 184: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it. My sister is taller than any other student in the class. My sister is the___. No other cities in Vietnam is as large as Ho Chi Minh city. Ho Chi Minh city___. This story is more interesting than any other story that I have ever heard. This is the___. My father can’t cook as well as my mother does. My mother cooks___. My brother is shorter than any other student in the class. My brother is the___. Daisy writes slowly. She makes a few mistakes. The___. That writer wrote many stories. She became famous. The___. She started later. She got much into traffic jam. The___. I am as tall as Tam. Tam and I are the___. He knows more than I do. I don’t___. Taking by taxis is more quickly than taking by bus. Taking by bus isn’t___. Linh is a better cook than Hoa. Hoa can’t___. Apples are usually cheaper than oranges. Apple are not___. The bus takes longer than the train. The train___. I can’t cook as well as my mother does. My mother___. He is the most punctual person she has ever met. She has___. That is the most interesting book they have ever had. They have___. We have never eaten a more delicious dish than this one. Trang 349
13. This___. Jimmy has never been in a more difficult situation than this. This is___. Dick seems to spend more when he earns more. The more___. Exercise 185: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it. “Where is the station car park?” Mrs. Smith asked. Mrs. Smith asked ___. Miss Taylor doesn’t like living in such a small house. Miss Taylor wishes ___. He didn’t hurry, so he missed the train. If ___. The fire has destroyed many houses. Many houses ___. I have studied English for 3 years. I began ___. They are building a new school in that village. A new school ___. Unless you water those flowers regularly, they will wither. If you ___. The driver said; “Don’t get off the bus while it’s moving!” The driver asked the passengers ___. The robbers made the bank manager hand over the money. The bank manager ___. “Why don’t you put a better lock on the door, Barry?” said John. John suggested ___. I haven’t eaten this kind of food before. This is the ___. “Can I borrow your bicycle?” asked Peter. Peter asked if ___. We couldn’t have managed without my father’s money. If it ___. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back. Hardly ___. It was Walter Raleigh who introduced potatoes and tobacco into England. The English owe ___. I only made that terrible mistake because I wasn’t thinking. If I ___. While I strongly disapprove of your behavior, I will help you this time. Trang 350
14. Despite my ___. I’m sorry I missed Professor Baker’s lecture. I’m sorry not ___. We may not be able to give the concert. The concert ___. I was not surprised to hear that Harry had failed his driving test. It came ___. Exercise 186: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it. We had planned to visit grandmother, so we left early in the morning. We were ___. Someone rang the alarm as soon as the burglars left the building. No sooner ___. As television program become more popular, they seem to get worse. The more ___. “I think the whole idea’s ridiculous,” he said. He dismissed ___. The authorities will prosecute anyone they find trespassing on this land. Anyone found ___. I prefer going out for a meal to staying at home. I’d rather ___. It would have been a super weekend if it hadn’t been for the weather. But ___. She had hardly begun to speak before people started interrupting her. Hardly ___. It was a bit difficult to get into work this morning. Getting ___. “Nothing will persuade me to sleep in that haunted house,” she said. She flatly ___. He knows really everything there is to know about whales. There’s ___. If we can solve the problem soon, it will be better for an concerned. The sooner ___. The demand was so great that they had to reprint the book immediately. So___. I’m absolutely sure that they weren’t playing in this weather. They can’t ___. “I didn’t steal the car,” he said, “I just borrowed it”. He denied ___. It wasn’t necessary for them to call for help after all. They ___. Trang 351
15. When the police caught him, he was climbing over the garden wall. The police caught ___. It’s sad, but unemployment is unlikely to go down this year. Sad ___. It is believed that the man escaped in a stolen car. The man is ___. Since we had nothing else to do, we decided to go for a walk. Having ___. Exercise 187: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it. You won’t find a more dedicated worker anywhere than Mrs. Jones. Nowhere ___. No one has challenged his authority before. This is the first time ___. “If Brian doesn’t train harder, I won’t select him for the team,” said the manager. The manager threatened ___. The hurricane blew the roof off the house. The house ___. You’ll certainly meet lots of people in your new job. You are ___. I left without saying goodbye as I didn’t want to disturb the meeting. Rather ___. There aren’t many other books which explain this problem so well. In few other books ___. I dislike it when people criticize me unfairly. I object ___. Robert is sorry now that he didn’t accept the job. Robert now wishes ___. The film star wore dark glasses so that no one would recognize him. The film star avoided ___. I am amazed by the mistakes he makes. What ___. We weren’t surprised by his success. It came ___. “That’s a lovely new dress, Jean” said her mother. Jean’s mother complimented ___. We couldn’t relax until all the guests had gone home. Only ___. We couldn’t find George anywhere. George was ___. Customs officials are stopping more travellers than usual this week. Trang 352
16. An increased ___. She listens more sympathetically than anyone else I know. She is a ___. You’re under no obligation to accept their offer. You can please ___. Martin may not be very well but he still manages to enjoy life. Martin’s poor ___. The company presents a gold watch to each of its retiring employees. Each ___. Exercise 188: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it. The only thing that kept us out of prison was the way he spoke the local dialect. But for his command ___. The Pacific Ocean is on average deeper than the Atlantic. The average ___. My father finds maps hard to follow. My father has ___. Under no circumstances should you phone the police. The last ___. House prices have risen dramatically this year. There has ___. This affair does not concern you. This affair is no ___. You must submit articles for the magazine by June 18th. The final date ___. Although Jimmy was the stronger of the two, his attacker soon overpowered him. Despite his ___. What a surprise to see you here! Fancy ___. I don’t intend to apologize to either of them. I have ___. It was only when I left home that I realized how much my father meant to me. Not until ___. The rail workers do not intend to call off their strike. The rail workers have no ___. Mrs. Scott is proud of her cooking. Mrs. Scott prides ___. It was the goalkeeper who saved the match for us. If it hadn’t ___. It wasn’t a bit surprised to hear that Karen had changed her job. It came ___. Trang 353
17. John didn’t celebrate until he received the offer of promotion in writing. Not until ___. I don’t really like her, even though I admire her achievements. Much ___. It’s thought that the accident was caused by human error. The accident ___. Keeping calm is the secret of passing your driving test. As long as ___. Immediately after his appointment to the post, the new editor fell ill. No sooner ___. Em có cả bộ chuyên đề ôn thi vào 10, anh chị quan tâm ib zalo 0984822275 ạ