Pharases and clauses

Nội dung text: Pharases and clauses

1. CLAUSE AFTER WISH AND IF ONLY I, Rewrite the following sentenses, beginning with I wish. 1. I’m living in a small flat. 2. My friends often go on a camping trip without me. 3. I’m sorry I can’t go to the party. 4. I must go now. 5. It’s a pity the weather isn’t better today. 6. He always goes to school late. 7. I don’t know your address. 8. My bother is too short to play basketball. 9. I’m sorry I can’t swim. 10. I don’t have enough money to help you. 11. I’m sorry I can’t answer your question. 12. I’m sorry, I can’t help you. 13. I only have a small dictionary. 14. What a pity! He can’t come here. 15. I have to go to school today. 16. I speak English badly. 17. I don’t have a computer. 18. I want to meet you now. 19. I don’t know anyone in this company. 20. I don’t know much about him. 21. What a pity! You aren’t here with us now. 22. I’m sorry, I’m not well now. 23. The naughty boys always draw on the wall. 24. I don’t have time to help you do this work. 25. I’d like my father to give up smoking. 26. Unfortunately, I have to work tomorrow. 27. He doesn’t help his mother with housework. 28. I’d like to get access to the Internet, but I don’t have a computer. 29. I can’t swim. 30. It’s a pite the weather isn’t better today. II, Write a sentence with wish. 1. I don’t know French. 2. It s far from my house to school. 3. It’s very noisy for my to read the book. 4. She doesn’t advise him to give up smoking. 5. I don’t have a bicycle. Therefore I walk to 6. I’m sorry I didn’t come to the party last night. school every day. 7. It is raining heavily now 8. I regret that you didn’t give me a chance to tell you the truth. 9. The book is too expensive for me to afford. 10. Mary is afraid she won’t be able to attend your weeding next week. 11. I don’t have a lot of friends. 12. I regret I didn’t learn to play a musical instrument. 13. I’m too busy to watch the TV program. 14. We live in a small house. 15. She doesn’t know my address. 16. You are making so much noise late at night. 17. There aren’t any people in the hal. 18. It is a shame we don’t have a video. 19. She speaks English baldy. 20. We can’t go out because of heavy rain. 21. They are late for the metting. 22. He can’t pass the examination. 23. There isn’t enough water for us to drink. 24. Mai doesn’t know a lot of student in her class. 25. The question is too difficult for us to answer. 26. They don’t have the key to open the lab. 27. Unfortunately, I must to now. 28. We live in the city but we don’t like it. 29. He isn’t good at speaking. 30. Lan has to stay in bed because she is sick. III, Complete the sentences with an appopriate verb from. 1. Our classroom doesn’t have any window. I wish our classroom ___ windows. 2. The sun isn’t shining. I wish the sun ___ right now. 3. I didn’t go shopping. I wish I ___ shopping. 4. I can’t swim. I wish I ___ so I would feel safe in the boat. 5. I don’t know how to dance. I wish I ___ how to dance. 6. I live in the country. I wish I ___ in a big city. 7. You didn’t tell them about it. I wish you ___ them about it. 8. It’s cold today. I’m not wearing a coat. I wish I ___ a coat. 9. I don’t have enough money to buy that cook. I wish I ___ enough money. 10. It’s raining and I want it to stop. I wish it ___ raining. 11. Elena is tired because she went to bed late last night. She wishes she ___ to bed earlier last night. 12. Ann has a beautiful voice, so I want her to sing. I wish Ann ___ a couple of songs. 1
2. 13. I’m not lying on the beach in Hawaii. I wish I ___ on beach in Hawaii. 14. The teacher is going to give an exam tomorrow. I wish he ___ us an exam tomorrow. 15. Jack didn’t drive to work. I wish Jack ___ to work. I’d ask him for a ride home. 16. Bill didn’t get the promotion. I wish Bill ___ the promotion. He feeds bad. 17. It isn’t winter. I wish it ___ winter so tha I could go skiing. 18. We’re going to the concert tonight. I wish you ___ with us. 19. I quit my job. I wish I ___ my job until I’d found another one. 20. My friend won’t ever lend me his car. I wish he me his car for my date tomorrow night. IV, Put the verbs into the correct from. 1. I feel sick. I wish ___ so much cake. (I/ not/ eat) 2. I’m fed up with this raining. I wish ___ raining. (it/ stop) 3. It’s a difficult question. I wish ___ the answer. (I/ know) 4. I should have listened to you. I wish ___ your advice. (I/ take) 5. I wish ___ here. She’d be able to help us. (Ann/ be) 6. Aren’t they ready yet? I wish ___ . (they/ hurry up) 7. It would be nice to stay here. I wish ___ to go now. (we/ not/ have) 8. When we were in London last year, I didn’t have time to see all the things we wanted to see. I wish ___ more long time. (we/ have) 9. It’s freezing today. I wish ___ so cold. I hate cold weather. (it/ not/ be) 10. What’s her name again? I wish ___ remember her name. (I/ can) 11. What I said was stupid. I wish ___ anything. (I/ not/ stay) 12. You’re driving too fast. I wish ___ a bit. (you/ slow down) 13. It was a terrible film. I wish ___ to see it. (we/ not/ go) 14. You’re always tired. I wish ___ to bed so late. (you/ not/ go) 15. I spent all my money. I wish ___ it. (I/ save) 16. Vicky’s work isn’t going well. She wishes ___ better. (it/ be) 17. I looked everywhere for the key. I wish ___ it. (I/ find) 18. The phone has been ringing for five minutes. I wish ___ it. (somebody/ answer) 19. It’s very crowded here. I wish ___ so may people. (there/ not/ be) 20. I wish ___ me about the dance. I would have gone. (you/ tell) V, For each situation, write a sentence with WISH or IF ONLY. 1. Ann isn’t here. I need see her now. 2. I’d like to take some photographs but I didn’t bring my camera. 3. John would like to be a pilot when he grows up. 4. It’s cold and I hate cold weather. 5. I’m sorry I didn’t come to the party last night. 6. I can’t go to the party and I’d like to. 7. I regret that yoi didn’t give me a chance to tell you 8. I reget I didn’t apply for that job. the truth. 9. Marry is afraid she won’t be able to attend your 10. My life isn’t interesting. wedding next week. 11. I regret I didn’t learn to play a musical instrument. 12. I live in a big city, but I don’t like it. 13. You drive too fast. I’d like you to drive more 14. He is sorry now that he didn’t invite Molly to slowly. his party. 15. It is raining. I want to go out, but not in the rain. 16. I didn’t understand the lesson. 17. I’d like to buy this book but I don’t have enough 18. You are too lazy. The teacher wants you to be money to buy it. more studious. 19. I live in a big city, but I don’t like it. 20. The hotel wasn’t good. 21. Nam was sorry that he didn’t accept the job. 22. My friend didn’t pass his exam. 23. I have to work tomorrow but I’d like to stay at home 24. I want the baby to stop crying. 25. I feel sick because I ate too much ice-cream. 26. I’m a doccer. 27. It’s pity that you weren’t here last week. 28. Nam is sorry now that he didn’t accept the job. 29. A lot of people drop litter in the street. 30. We have to work this Saturday. PHRASES AND CLAUSE OF PURPOSE 2
3. I, Make a new sentence with a sentence from column A and sentence from column B. Use TO, IN ORDER TO or SO AS TO A B 1. I hurried - I want to go to abroad for a holiday. 2. We took off our boots. - We didn’t want to get cold. 3. I’m saving money. - I wanted to report that my car had been stolen. 4. Lynn unplugged the phone. - I didn’t want to be late for you meeting. 5. I phoned to the police station. - I wanted to see the parade better. 6. The staff are working at weekends. - We didn’t want to make the floors dirty. 7. I stood on tiptoes. - She didn’t want to be interrupted while she was 8. Ali often rites down the time and date of his working. appointment. - They want to complete the project in time. 9. Tom turned on the piano. - He wanted to hear the football results. 10. We wore warm clothes. - He doen’t want to forget to go. II, Combine the ideas, using phrases of purpose. 1. Rachel wanted to watch the news. She turned on the TV. 2. I’ll post the card today. I want it to get there on Daniel’s birthday. 3. Please turn down the radio. I want to be able to get to sleep. 4. She locked the door. She didn’t want to be disturbed. 5. I gave her my address. I wanted her to contact me. 6. I’m going to cash a check. I want to make sure that I have enough money to go shopping. 7. Please arrive early. We want to be able to start the meeting on time. 8. I slowed down. I wanted the car behind to be able to overtake. 9. Jackson is planning to take a semester off. He wants to travel in Europe. 10. The man spoke very slowly. He wanted me to understand what he said. 11. I whispered. I didn’t want anybody else to hear our conversation. 12. I’ll give you be quiet. I want yoi to find the way all right. 13. Please be quiet. I want to be able to hear what Sharon is saying. 14. The little boy pretended to be sick. He wanted to stay home from school. 15. I turned off the TV. I wanted my roommate to study in peace and quiet. III, Use a phrase or clause of purpose into combine each pair of sentences below: 1. The boys stood on the benches. They wanted to get a better view. 2. We lower the volume of the radio. We do not want to bother our neighbors. 3. I will write to you . I want you to know my decision soon. 4. These men were whispering. They did not want anyone to hear their conversations. 5. The boy feigned to be sick. He hoped we did not make him in work 6. The man spoke loudly. He wanted anybody to hear him clearly. 7. Doris often goes home as soon as the class is over. She does not want her mother to wait for her. 8. John gets up early. He does not want to be late for class. 9. Mary hid the novel under her pillow. She did not want her father to see it. 10. Alice prepares her lesson carefully. She wants to get high marks in class. 11. The robber changed his address all the time. He did not want the police to find him. 12. They did their jobs well. They hoped the boss would increase their salary. 13. You should walk slowly. Your sister can follow you. 14. I am studying hard. I want to keep pace with my classmates. 15. We turned out the lights. We did not want to waste electricity. 16. This pupil read only for short period each day. He did not want to train his eyes. 17. I whispered . I did not want to disturb anyone. 18. The clown took off his mark. He did not want to frighten the children. 19. My father drove carefully. He did not want to cause accidents. 20. Sue dutifully followed her parents’ advice. She did not want to cause trouble for her parents. 21. Mr Thompson is learning Vietnamese. He wishes to read Kim Van Kieu. 3
4. 22. Please shut the door. I do not want the dog to go out of the house. 23. The farmer built the high wall around his garden. The fruits would not be stolen. 24. The police stopped the traffic every few minutes. The pedestrians might cross the road. 25. The notices are written in several languages. Everyone may understand them. 26. I wish to have enough money. I want to buy a new house. 27. Dick is practicing the guitar. He can play for the dance. 28. She needs a job. She wants to support her old parents. 29. He moved to the front row. He could hear the speaker better. 30. She put the meal into the oven. She wanted it to be ready for dinner. IV, Rewrite the following sentences , using phrases of purpose. 1. Leave early so that you may get home before dark. 2. This man changed his address constantly so that he could avoid the police. 3. I shouted in order that I could warn everyone of danger. 4. Banks are developed so that they can keep people’s money safe. 5. Mary went to the library in order that she could borrow some books. 6. Yesterday father went to the bank so that he would open a checking account. 7. I went to see him so that I could find out what had happened. 8. Tom is saving up so that he can buy a new bicycle. 9. He hurried so that he could catch the train. 10. She is learning French so that she will be able to speak it when she comes to Paris. V, Change the phrases of purpose to clause of purpose or vice versa: 1. We hurried to school so as not to be late. 2. He climbed the tree in order to get a better view. 3. You should get up early so that you will have time to review your lesson. 4. Some young people like to earn their own living in order that they will be independent of their parents. 5. We should do morning exercises regularly so as to improve our health. 6. We should take advantage of the scientific achievements of the world so that we can develop our national economy. 7. Everyone in the world must unite their efforts to maintain and protect peace. 8. She put on warm clothes so that she would not catch cold. 9. He hurried to the station so as not to miss the train. 10. She locked the door so as not to be disturbed. VI, Comment on what each person says. Use the word in brackets. 1. Ilona: I’m learning English. I want to get a better job. (to) 2. Claude: I study encyclopedias. Then I can answer quiz question. (so that) 3. Vicky: I’m saving up. I’m planning a holiday. (for) 4. Nick: I keep a dog. It guards the house. (to) 5. Olivia: I booked a badysitter. I wanted to go out for the evening. (so that) 6. Jessica: I’m going on a diet. I want to lose weight. (in order to) 7. Sarah: I had to go to Birmingham. I had a business meeting. (for) 8. Trevor: I ofter switch off the heating. It saves money. (to) 9. Emma: I wore boots because I didn’t want my feet to get wet. (so that) 10. Mark: I’m saving my money. I’m planning to travel in Europe next summer. (in order to) VII, Complete the following sentences. 1. I had to go to the post office to 7. so as not to be late for the metting. 2. so that she improves her English. 8. so that you won’t be lost. 3. I gave her my telephone number so that 9. I studied very hard in shops in order that 4. in order to see the Word News. 10. They put video cameras in shops in order to 5. I took the meat out the freezer so that 11. They went to Paris to 6. We may go to Canada for 12. He tries to go to work in time so as not 4
5. PHARASES AND CLAUSES OF RESULT I, Complete these sentences using TOO, TOO MANY, TOO MUCH or ENOUGH with one of the following adjectives or nouns: clearly, complicated, difficult, expensive, food, hatily, mistake, rain, sweet, traffic. 1. You should stop to think first. You always acted ___. 2. This quiz is rather easy. The question aren’t ___ . 3. Can I have some more sugar in my coffee, plesase? It isn’t ___. 4. I can’t afford a new stereo. It would be ___. 5. There’s a water shortage. There just hasn’t been ___. 6. I can’t read your writing. You don’t wire ___. 7. Try to be more careful, please. You’re making ___. 8. The roads are very crowded. There’s simply ___. 9. I can’t understand these instructions. They’re ___. 10. Thoustands of people are strrving because they can’t get ___. II, Complete the answers to the questions. Use TOO or ENOUGH with the word in brackets: 1. A: Is she going to get maried? B: No, she’s not ___ (old) 2. A: I need to talk to you about something. B: Well, I’m afraid I’m ___ to you now. (busy) 3. A: Let’s go to the cinema. B: No, it’s ___ to the cinema. (late) 4. A: Why don’t we sit in the garden. B: No, I’m ___ a the garden. (warm) 5. A: Would you like to be a politician? B: No, I’m ___ a politician. (nice) 6. A: Do you want to play tennis today? B: No, I haven’t got ___ tennis today. (energy) 7. A: Did you hear what he was saying? B: No, we were ___ what he was saying. (far away) 8. A: Can he read a newspaper in English? B: No, he doesn’t know .___ a newspaper. (English) 9. A: Why don’t you put the wallet i your pocket? B: It’s ___ in my pocket. (big) 10. A: I think you should apply for the job. B: I’m afraid I haven’t got ___ (qualifications) III, Make one sentense from two. Use TOO or ENOUGH and a phrase with FOR or a To-infinitive. 1. We couldn’t eat the food. It was very hot. 2. Three people can’t sit on this sofa. It isn’t wide. 3. A taxi would have been best. But I didn’t 4. I couldn’t cary the equipment. I had such a lot. have much money. 5. Sarah can’t take a day off. She’s very busy. 6. We couldn’t climb over the wall. It was very high. 7. A picnic would be nice. But it’s wet 8. Natasha wants to be a professional musician. She’s very good. 9. Nobody could move the piano. It was very 10. We shouldn’t swim in this river. The water isn’t clean. heavy. 11. I don’t wear this coat in winter. It isn’t 12. You can’t see some things without a microscope. They warm. are very small. 13. All my guests will need chairs. But I 14. He didn’t get the job. He wasn’t experienced. haven’t got very many. 15. I can’t explain the situation. It’s complicated. IV, Rewrite the following sentences, using ENOUGH TO.V 5
6. 1. He is too old to wear this coloured shirt. 2. The room is too noisy for us to study. 3. She is too weak to carry this bag. 4. This road is too dangerous for her to go at night. 5. This pen is too expensive for me to buy. 6. We were too late to get good seats. 7. Bill is too foolish to understand what I say. 8. Jack is too lazy to make progress in his study. 9. This bag is too heavy for her to carry. 10. I’m too poor to help you with the money. 11. The test was too difficult for them to do. 12. These oranges are too sour for us to eat. 13. That sentense was too long for me to 14. This shelf is too high for the boy to reach. memorize. 15. The land is too poor to grow crops. V, Rewrite these sentences, using TOO TO.V 1. Nien isn’t old enough to be in grade 8. 2. This shirt isn’t big enough to fit me. 3. The test wasn’t easy enough for me to do. 4. He didn’t get up early enough to catch the first bus to work. 5. These shose aren’t big enough for him to wear. 6. She isn’t patient enough to do this job. 7. I’m not tall enough to reach the picture. 8. The problem wasn’t simple enough for her to understand. 9. This house isn’t large enough for a family of 10. The test wasn’t easy enough for me tho finish four people to live in. in 45 minutes. VI, Make sentences with SO THAT. 1. The lesson is very difficult. Nobody can understand it. 2. The work is very hard. I can’t finish it on time. 3. This novel was very interesting. I couldn’t put in down. 4. This song is very simple. All of us can sing it. 5. My bothers and sister were very excited about the trip. They couldn’t sleep. 6. The weather was hot. You could fry an egg on the sidewalk. 7. I couldn’t understand her. She talked too fast. 8. Grandpa help me tightly when he hugged me. I couldn’t breathe for a moment. 9. There were few people at the meeting . It was canceled. 10. Ted couldn’t get to sleep last night. He was worried about the exam. 11. Jerry got angry. He put his fist though the wall. 12. I have many problems. I can use all the help you can give me. 13. I can’t figure out what this sentense says. His handwriting is illegible. 14. It took us only ten minutes to get there. There was little traffic. 15. Too many people came to the metting. There weren’t enough seats for everyone. 16. The coffee is extremely hot. The children can’t drink it. 17. My brother is very strong. He can lift this heavy table. 18. That play is very interesting. You should see it. 19. The suitcase is very heavy. Nobody can carry it upstairs. 20. My brother is very intelligent. He can do this difficult exercise. VII, Use the construction TOO + to-infinitive to rewrite the sentences below. 1. It was so cold that we didn’t want to go out. 2. This man is so old that he can’t work. 3. Mr. Pike is so weak that he can’t walk without a 4. These shoes are so big that I can wear them. stick. 5. The ground is so hard that we can’t dig it. 6. These goods are so expensive that they can’t be sold quickly. 7. The elephant is so big that it can’t run fast. 8. She walked so fast that her younger sister couldn’t follow her. 6
7. 9. Your handwriting is so hard that it can’t run fast. 10. I got up so late that I didn’t have time to eat breakfast. XIII, Fill in the blanks with SO MUCH or SO MANY. 1. We have ___ problems that we can’t go to bed early. 2. Why have you got ___ furniture? 3. There was ___ food that everyone ate too much. 4. There were ___ guests that there wasn’t enough food. 5. Why did yu buy ___ beer? 6. Doctor Simmon has ___ patients that he’s always busy. 7. I ate ___ sandwiches that I felt ill. 8. My father has ___ work to do that he can’t come back home tonight. 9. Why did he drink ___ wine? 10. They drank ___ wine that they couldn’t walk. 11. His mother asks him to take ___ things that he can’t put all of them into his suitcase. 12. There are ___ places of interest in London that Jane can’t decide where to go first. 13. It took Jane ___ time to listen to her roommate. 14. There was ___ noise in the room that I couldn’t work. 15. There are ___ planets in the universe that we can’t count them. IX, Make sentences with SUCH THAT. 1. The house is very expensive. Nobody can buy it. 2. The boy is very nice. We all like him. 3. The weather was very cold. We couldn’t go out. 4. The room was very dark. I couldn’t see anything. 5. The day was nice. We decided to go to the beach. 6. We took a walk. It was a nice day. 7. It was an expensive car. We couldn’t afford to by it. 8. I don’t feel like going to class. We’re having beautiful weather. 9. The classroom has comfortable chairs. The students find it easy to fall asleep. 10. The tonado struck with great force. It lifted automobiles off the ground. 11. This is good coffee. I think I’ll have another cup. 12. It wa a good book. I couldn’t put in down. 13. Karen is a good pianist. I’m surprised she didn’t go into music professionally. 14. We did a lot of gymnastics. We couldn’t walk afterwards. 15. They were beautidul flowers. We took a photograph of them. 16. This coat is very short. He can’t wear it. 17. The tea is very hot. The children can’t drink it. 18. The tests were quite difficult. We couldn’t do them. 19. The boy is very lazy. Every body hates him. 20. The girl is very intelligent. She can do this difficult exercise. X, Use SO or SUCH. 1. The sun shone ___ brightly that Maria had to put on her sunglasses. 2. Dean was ___ a powerful swimmer that he always won the races. 3. There were ___ few students registered that the class was cancelled. 4. We had ___ wonderful memorise of that place that we dicided to return. 5. We had ___ good a time at the party that we hated to leave. 6. The benefit was ___ great a success that the promoters decided to repeat it. 7. It was ___ a nice day that we decided to go to the beach. 8. Jane looked ___ sick that the nurse told her to go home. 9. Those were ___ diffcult assignments that we spent 2 weeks finishing them. 7
8. 10. Ray called at ___ an early hour that we weren’t awake yet. 11. The book looked ___ interesting that he decided to read it. 12. He worked ___ carefully that it took him a long to complete the project. 13. We stayed in the sun for ___ a long time that we became sunburned. 14. There were ___ many people on the bus that we decded to walk. 15. The program was ___ entertaining that nobody wanted to miss it. XI, Put in SO, SUCH or SUCH A. 1. I like Tom and Ann. They’re ___ nice people. 2. I was surprised that he looked ___ well after his recent illness. 3. The weather is lovely, isn’t it? I didn’t expect it to be ___ nice day. 4. He always looks good. He wears ___ nice clothes. 5. It was ___ boring film that I fell asleep. 6. The children had ___ much fun at the carnival that they begged to go again. 7. The food at the hotel was ___ awful. I’ve never eaten ___ awful food. 8. The test was ___ easy that everyone got a high score. 9. I didn’t realize you lived ___ long way from the city center. 10. I feel like I have ___ little energy that wonder if I’m getting sick. 11. They are ___ hard-working carpenters that I’m sure they’ll make success f their ney business. 12. He’s difficult to understand because he speaks ___ quickly. 13. She made ___ many mistakes that she failed the exam. 14. I can’t decide what to do. It’s ___ problem. 15. A: Sorry I’m ___ late. We had ___ lot to do at work. My boss gets in ___ a panic about things. Shw makes ___ big fuss. B: You shouldn’t do ___ much. You shouldn’t be ___ willing to work ___ long hours. No wonder you’re ___ tired. You’ll make yourself ill, you know. XII, Use SUCH instead of SO to rewrite the sentenses below. 1. He is so clever that he can answer all my question. 2. Mr. Keller is so rich that he can give the charitable society one million dollars. 3. This city is so large that I’ve got lost. 4. That day was so nice that all of us went out for a walk. 5. This shop is so small that we don’t take notice of it. 6. That fish was so big that it could weigh fifty kilos. 7. The test we did yesterday was so diffcult that we couldn’t finish it an hour. 8. The play we saw yesterday was so bad that we went out by halves. 9. The story he told us was so funny that I couldn’t help laughing. 10. Jane’s conduct is so good that everybody likes her. 11. Mary’s voice is so beautiful that we all like to hear it very careful. 12. Miss Snow’s ring is so valuable that she keeps it very carefully. 13. Your dog is so fierce that nobody dares to approach it. 14. His house is so beautiful that he doesn’t want to sell it. 15. Our car is so old that we must repair it three times a month. XIII, Combine two sentenses, using SO THAT or SUCH THAT. 1. The sun shone brightly. Maria had to put on her sunglasses 2. Dean was a powerful swimmer. He always won the races. 3. There were few students registered. The class was cancelled. 4. The house was beautiful. I took a picture of it. 5. The coffee is strong. I can’t drink it. 6. This is a good film. I want to see it again and again. 7. There was a lot of food. Everyone ate too much. 8
9. 8. There was a lot of guests. There wasn’t enough food. 9. I ate a lot of sandwiches. I felt uneasy. 10. David has a lot of work to do. He can’t come tonight. 11. He was very sick. He was sent to the hospital. 12. It was very dark. He couldn’t see anything. 13. He has very wide knowledge. We can’t help admiring him. 14. His conduct is very good. All his teachers love him. 15. Mary has a beautiful voice. We all like to hear her sing. 16. John is still very weak. He can’t walk without a stick. 17. My father has a very good health. He seldom takes any medicines. 18. There is too much noise. We can’t learn our lessons. 19. My friend is very strong. He can lift up the table by himself. 20. Bill is an intelligent boy. He is always at the top of his class. XIV, Match the sentences and combine them, using SO or SUCH. A B 1. Sarah was late home. - All the tickets sold out. 2. Mike hadn’t cooked for a long time. - He wouldn’t speak to anyone. 3. The piano was heavy. - He’d almost forgotten how to. 4. Tom was annoyed about United losing. - It kept all the neighbors awake. 5. The band was a big attraction - Mark had already gone to bed. 6. Vicky had a lot of work to do. - You could hear it from miles away. - We spent the whole day indoors. 7. The party made a lot of noise. - Mike and Harriet couldn’t move it. 8. She speaks English well. - She was sure she’d never finish it. 9. It was horrible weather. - You would think it was her native language. 10. The music was lould. XV, Complete the following sentences. 1. The lesson was so difficult that 2. There is so much noise here that 3. The goods were so good that 4. That book is so interesting that 5. We enjoyed the music so much that 6. They are such high mountains that 7. He is such a busy man that 8. She speaks with such speed that 9. They are such big shoes that 10. She is such a busy peson that 11. He spoke so fast that 12. The exam was so difficult that 13. He worked so hard that 14. I was so tired that 15. Distances are so great that 16. They’ve got so much money that 17. The mountains are so high that 18. My father is such a busy man that 19. I have so many things to do that 20. It was such lovely weather that 21. This is such a heavy package that 22. He spoke so quickly that 23. It is such a warm day that 24. We had such a good time on holiday that 25. That was such a good movie that 26. I’ve got so many things to do that 27. We had such a good time that 28. These shoes are so expensive that 29. This is such a difficult lesson that 30. It was such an extraordinary strory that 9
10. PHRASES AND CLAUSE OF REASON I, Supply either BECAUSE or BECAUSE OF as appropriate. 1. We delayed our trip ___ the bad weather. 2. Sue’s eyes were red ___ she had been crying. 3. My mother is always complaining ___ the untidiness of my room. 4. The water in most river is unsafe to drink ___ it’s polluted. 5. The trees were bend over ___ the wind. 6. You can’t enter tis secure area ___ you don’t have an official permit. 7. It’s unsafe to travel in that country ___ the ongoing civil war. 8. Several people in the crowd became ill and fainted ___ the extreme heat. 9. Mark didn’t go to work yesterday ___ he didn’t feel well. 10. We couldn’t get into the disco ___ the enormous crowd. 11. It was difficult to deliver the letter ___ the sender had written the wrong ad-dress on the envelop. 12. We decided to leave early ___ the party was boring. 13. Rescue attemps were temporarily halted ___ the bad weather. 14. Paul may not go to the football game ___ his grades. 15. They visited their friends often ___ they enjoyed their company. II, Match the two halves of the sentence. Then write the full sentence, using the word in brackets. Add commas where necessary. A B 1. Yesterday was a pubic day. - she was very popular. (since) 2. We didn’t want to wake anybody up - we ate out. (as) 3. We didn’t know what time it was - it explains everything very clearly. (because) 4. It was a nice day - none of us had a watch. (because) 5. The door was open - the teacher decided to give it again. (since) 6. You paid for the theater tickets - she missed the bus. (because) 7. Oil is an irreplaceable natural resource - we went for a walk by the sea. (as) 8. We didn’t see Lisa for a long time - we didn’t recognize her. (because) 9. Lilian was late for work - we must do whatever we can to conserve it. (since) 10. Sonia was tired - we came in very quietly. (as) 11. Eva had an atteactive peronality - she felt weak. (because) 12. Mother had burnt the dinner - we didn’t have to go to work. (since) 13. It’s a really useful book - please let me pay for our dinner. (as) 14. Ellie hadn’t fully recovered yet - she’d been working very hard. (because) 15. All the students had done poorly on the test - I walked in. (since) III, Combine each pair of sentences, using BECAUSE, SINCE, AS. 1. She saw the wanted man in a small coffee shop. 2. She coughed and sneezed. The doctor said she had She phoned the police. to stay out of crowd. 3. The teacher is sick. We’ll have no class 4. It got dark. I couldn’t read the letter. tomorrow. 5. She walked slowly. Her leg was injured. 6. I didn’t come in time. There was a traffic jam. 7. Mary looks happy. She has just got good marks. 8. He stayed at home yesterday. His mother was sick. 9. He came to the office 10 minutes late. He missed 10.We didn’t want to go out. It rained heavily. the first bus. IV, Make questions with WHY. 1. I left school because of my hard life at that time. 2. The train was late because the fog was thick. 3. They’ll leave early because the distance is very long. 4. She likes him because he is kind. 5. The pupil understood that mathematical problem very because he explained it clearly. 11